Украина будет жить в бедности еще несколько десятилетий.
Проблема в ценностях большинства общества.
Об этом сказал советник президента, ученый-экономист Александр Пасхавер в эфире телеканала «Прямий»
«Почему долго и бедно?
Долго — потому что существуют ограничения, связанные с ценностями большинства населения. Сами по себе реформы ускорят изменения ценностей, но в целом это процесс поколенческий.
Должно проходить, по крайне мере, два поколения.
Европейские ценности отличаются от наших нынешних. Там доверие является основой для поведения людей, здесь — недоверие. И только небольшое меньшинство, которое активно участвовало на Майдане, имеет ценности похожие на европейские.
Поведение большинства основано на недоверии. Это выработано столетиями жизни в чужих государствах. Прежде всего 20 веком, который представляет собой сплошную травму для украинского народа», — пояснил он.
Процесс изменений идет, но очень медленно, считает Пасхавер.
«Когда мне говорят: 25 лет, я говорю: нет, 50. Возможно мы достигнем экономических успехов, через какое-то время у нас будет средняя заработная плата тысячу евро (что для Европы это очень бедно).
Будем долго, несколько десятилетий меняться. Институты построены на ценностях. И если ваши ценности отличаются от ценностей институтов, то тогда все это не очень хорошо работает.
Когда люди говорят: безобразие, почему реформы не дают результат? Да потому что ценности большинства не соответствуют тем ценностям, которые заложены в институты», — сказал экономист.
«Скорее всего войдем в клуб стран Южной Європы, где балканские. Потом можем обойти их и приближаться к Восточной Европе», — спрогнозировал Пасхавер.
Украина заняла последнее, 44 место в Европе, и 150 место среди 186 стран мира в рейтинге экономической свободы американского аналитического центра Heritage Foundation.
Существенные изменения сказались на монетарной свободе и свободе инвестирования, шла речь на сайте центра.
Там указали на борьбу с коррупцией, развитие рынков капитала, приватизацию государственных предприятий, совершенствование законодательной базы и верховенство права.
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