Астробиологи из США и Японии признали, что вирусы должны существовать на других планетах Солнечной системы и экзопланетах.
Об этом сообщает Лента.ру со ссылкой на Gizmodo. Статья исследователей опубликована в журнале Astrobiology.
Как отметили ученые, на Земле вирионы — состоящие из нуклеиновой кислоты и белков вирусные частицы — легко могут быть выброшены за пределы атмосферы и попасть на другие космические тела.
Из-за астрономического числа вирионов (1031 в Мировом океане) и их малых размеров высока вероятность, что они были выброшены в космос, например, при падении на Землю метеоритов.
Известно, что полиовирусы и бактериофаги могут выживать в условиях вакуума и космического ионизирующего излучения. Подобные процессы, скорее всего, происходят и на других пригодных для жизни планетах.
При этом инфекционные агенты — это двигатели эволюции, без них невозможно появление сложных форм жизни. Поэтому ученые считают, что на тех планетах, где существуют биологические организмы, появление вирусов неизбежно.
Способов зарегистрировать вирусы на других космических объектах не существует из-за отсутствия общих для них биомаркеров.
Ученые предлагают использовать для этих целей просвечивающие электронные микроскопы (TEM), с помощью которых можно определить наличие вирионов и их уникальные морфологические особенности.
В то же время TEM из-за их размера и веса проблематично установить на космические аппараты.
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